Define/Explain: Genotype.

Which of the following periods represents the duration of Mendel's hybridization experiments?

What is the common test to determine the genotype of a hybrid?

Why do we study Genetics? Give its historical background.

Consider the following four statements $I, II, III$ and $IV$ and select the correct statement:
$I.$ Mendelian experiments have a large sampling size, which gave greater credibility to the data that he collected.
$II.$ Recessive allele influences the appearance of the phenotype even in the presence of a dominant allele.
$III.$ Mendel analysed qualitative characters in garden pea.
$IV.$ In $F_2$-generation of a Mendelian monohybrid cross, the tall and dwarf traits were identical to their parental types and show no blending inheritance.

An organism with two identical alleles for a given trait is: